End Stuttering » Speech

Yoga for Stuttering: Unifying the Voice, Breath, Mind & Body to Achieve Fluent Speech

admin — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 21:43:41 +0000

Review

“J. M. Balakrishnan combines and bridges different traditions. This will help people.”—June Peterson, CCC, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Speech and Language Pathologist“I found this book fascinating, linking two bodies of research, Western science and Eastern philosophy. This book will be a resource for people who stutter and their families, and allows them to have a new insight into this difficult problem.”—Daniel J. Thwaites, MD, Modesto, Calif (more…)

The Guaranteed Cure for Severe Public Speaking Anxiety

admin — Wed, 25 Nov 2009 04:07:11 +0000

Public speaking is the most prevalent fear, I heard. And I believe it, because my acquaintances have this fear. However, people do not have the fear to the extent that I had. There were times where I, completely freezing at a scheduled speech, could not perform at all. But usually before this happens, I attempt to cancel the scheduled speech or not show up.
My public speaking fear began in the ninth grade of middle school. I vividly remember the turning point. I spent days preparing for a history class speech. As I sat in the history class, ready to give my speech, a friend seated next to me began teasing me. He laughed, “You look nervous.” “Are you sweating?” “You will hyperventilate while giving your speech.” “Don’t stutter and shake while standing in front of the class.” The teasing continued for some time, since others were scheduled to speak before me.
Then the teacher called my name; I walked to the front of the class. I looked at the audience, spotting my friend who was teasing me. He eyed me, smiling. Fear coldly filled me. My hands frozen, I began to breathe rapidly, concentrating difficultly. Speaking quickly, I stuttered, stumbled, and sometimes paralyzed. Time slowed; I torturously concluded my speech. The sympathetic audience did not ask me any questions during my speech conclusion. I returned to my seat in the back of the class-defeated.
Before this incident, I easily gave speeches, giving them well. But after this incident, my public speaking fear was born. I am sure that my friend who teased me never intended for this to happen. He probably thought his teasing was good-natured.
Throughout high school, I difficultly and poorly gave speeches. After every failed speech, my confidence waned. When I entered college, speeches petrified me. So whenever I enrolled in a course requiring me to give a speech, I quickly dropped the course and added a course without this requirement. By the time I graduated from college, dropped and added courses riddled my transcript.
Afterwards, I entered graduate school. I was in trouble; almost every course required me to give speeches. This panicked me. I performed poorly on the scheduled speeches that I attended. I did not attend many of them. Whenever I gave a speech, the audience gazed downwardly, attempting to ease the situation. After some time in graduate school, the mere thought of giving a speech terrorized me. My grades suffered. However, I eventually graduated.
Following graduate school, I entered the workforce. My job required me to regularly give speeches to large audiences. Unaware of this requirement, I accepted the job offer. Public speaking situations followed me wherever I went. I had to find the solution-fast. So during my spare time, I read articles and books on public speaking fear. Reading, I found the following:
1. Strong feelings of specific situations are produced by mentally connecting the feelings and situations together. For example, you, strongly fearing driving, fearfully experienced car accidents or fearfully heard about someone who experienced them. So whenever you drive a car, you fear. If you fear enough, you avoid driving. The same is true for fear and public speaking.
2. Some people are born with sensitive sympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system protects you from danger. For example, you, being chased by a wolf pack, run more energetically; because your sympathetic nervous system released large adrenaline amounts into your blood stream. This adrenaline also causes you to breathe rapidly, sweat, quiver, and shake. However, some people’s sympathetic nervous systems are easily triggered, triggered by even safe events. These people overreact to events.
3. Some people are born with brains wired for worry, fear, depression, frustration, or agitation. Brains wired this way have low levels of a calming chemical naturally produced in the brain. This chemical is called Serotonin. Serotonin calms the brain, producing feelings of relaxation and well-being. Also people born with normal brains, thinking negatively, lower their Serotonin levels. Therefore negative thinking, genetics, or both contribute to low Serotonin levels.
4. People diffident in giving speeches, being unprepared, fail at giving speeches. The better prepared you are, the more confident you are.
5. A person regularly facing a specific fear loses the specific fear.
Using the above findings, I confidently and superbly give speeches. I solved a pandemic problem, because I believed it could be solved. Indeed, every problem has a solution, no matter how difficult the problem. However, I hope that is not all you learned from my story. My story implies that we are responsible for our circumstances. My friend’s teasing did not create my public speaking fear; my thinking created it. He set the stage, but I went along with it. My story also implies that bad things are not always bad things. Sometimes bad things are good things. If I never feared public speaking, I never would have created the cure for public speaking fear. Furthermore, my story implies that if you persistently pursue a goal, you attain the goal. My goal was to attain a graduate degree. Did you notice that no matter how bad things got, I never quit? I attained my graduate degree, though difficultly.

The Guaranteed Cure for Severe Public Speaking Anxiety, an electronic publication, costs just $19.95 and is available through http://www.theguaranteedcure.net. The Guaranteed Cure Company, founded by Al A. Gammate, specializes in cures that cure.
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Speech Therapy For Fluency Disorders

admin — Fri, 06 Nov 2009 03:32:40 +0000

There are six main types of fluency disorders namely: normal developmental disfluency,stuttering, neurogenic disfluency,psychogenic disfluency, language based disfluency, and mixed fluency failures. Due to the uniqueness and difference of each case, all of them require a different kind of management approach in speech therapy.
Management For Normal Developmental Disfluency
Developmental disfluency occurs during the critical period of speech and language development. A child is considered to have this condition if 5% or less of his overall speech-sample are repetitions and 1% or less are prolongations.
Etiologies of this condition could be: excitement while speaking, demands of Language Acquisition, Speech-Motor control is lagging, environmental factors like stress in the family (e.g. separation of parents) and the situations they are in, and daily pressures of competition.
Concerned parents still make their children with this kind of disfluency undergo therapy even if this could still possibly decline. These children are taught how to: decrease the rate of their speech, relieve other pressures that the therapist and parents mutually agree to change, and simplify their language.
Management For Stuttering
The onset of stuttering may occur between ages 1-11 years old but it mostly occurs during early childhood stage, which ranges from 2-6 years old. A condition is diagnosed to be stuttering when the speech has 5% or greater repetitions and 1% or greater prolongations.
There are several approaches to therapeutic intervention for early stuttering namely: environmental manipulation, direct work with the child, psychological therapy, desensitization therapy, parent-child interaction therapy, fluency-shaping behavioral therapy, and parent and family counseling
Management For Neurogenic Disfluency
The onset of neurogenic disfluency is varied. It can occur at any age but it usually appears during adulthood or among the geriatric population. The neurological events that can trigger the onset of neurogenic disfluency are as follows: strokes, head trauma, extrapyramidal diseases, tumors, dementia, drug usage, anoxia, cryosurgery, viral meningitis and vascular disease.
Self-monitoring program is one of the most suggested modes for the management of this kind of disfluency.
Management For Psychogenic Disfluency
The onset of psychogenic disfluency is also varied. A condition is said to be under this category when 90% of the patient’s utterances have become disfluent when the emotional stimuli is present. This condition originates in the mind. The etiology could be acute or chronic psychological disturbances. Stress is another factor that may also cause the disorder.
Psychologists, psychiatrist and counselors can only provide treatment of this kind of fluency disorder. Speech pathologists prioritize treatment only of the bad speech habits, which may still be present after resolving the emotional issues of the patient.
Management For Language Based Disfluency
This kind of fluency disorder may arise in a child as soon as any newly introduced language skill emerges, specifically during the toddler to preschool stage. The fluency failure may be due to linguistic or motor immaturity. It can also be a result of the child’s struggle to acquire newly introduced and more complex language rules.
The management of this kind of disfluency usually focuses on improving the child’s language skills to increase his/her linguistic and motor maturity.
Management For Mixed Fluency Failures
The onset of this condition cannot be exactly determined, since it is an overlap pf two or more causative factors. No specific age for identification since onset may be sudden. Therapists must prioritize the most debilitating and/or the most correctable aspect of the disfluency.

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How to Stop Stammering: Self Hypnosis Help for Stammering

admin — Sat, 31 Oct 2009 03:48:22 +0000

Your desire to stop stammering may be great but you might not know where to begin. Stammering self-help begins with an understanding of the condition and ways to quit your automatic responses. Your anti-stammer crusade can start with looking into stop stuttering hypnosis as a guide.

The Nature of a Stammer

Unfortunately, there is little information about the source of stammers. Your condition is relatively common whether you stammer or stutter but researchers have been unable to pinpoint a specific cause for this speech problem. This makes creating a viable treatment difficult.

We do know that the condition usually develops between three and five years and 90 percent of cases appear before the age of eight. Since some children are able to speak normally before the condition develops, many believe that there may be environmental factors that contribute to the problem.

A child may have a genetic predisposition to stammer and stress may be a factor in this condition. There is no evidence that pinpoints any specific causes and there seems to be no rhyme or reason for the occurrence. This condition is present in various cultures and among different demographics.

Stop Stammering Hypnosis

Using hypnosis to help stop stammering is a viable approach because it serves as a valuable complement to other interventions and therapies that are commonly used in the treatment of stammering. This approach uses the subconscious mind to reinforce fluency in speech while offering self-regulating techniques that you can do automatically to avoid stammering.

A stammer is diagnosed by a speech therapist who introduces interventions to treat the condition. Interventions include social and communication skills as well as assertiveness training. Other treatments include speech therapy and self-awareness. These approach vary according to your specific situation.

For example, you might be fluent when you speak with a group, when you are acting or when you are singing. This indicates that the focus of your treatment should be on assertiveness, self-awareness and social skills. Each plan of action should be catered to the individual.

Augmentation with Hypnosis

Hypnosis helps you slow down as you try to speak. Part of the problem is trying to speak as quickly as you think. When you try to speak along with your thoughts, you can easily trip over your words. The words become obstacles rather than a form of communication. You can address this and other problems in the subconscious mind.

You can find help in a self-hypnosis recording as in the one found here – Stop Stammering – by Joseph Clough. Joseph’s natural talent merges with his expertise to create a stellar composition guaranteed to get results. Another great selection found here – Stop Stuttering Hypnosis – is by renowned hypnotherapist, Duncan McColl who is well known for his legendary abilities. Other excellent options are available here – Stammering Self Help. Simply follow the links for more information.

J Seymour writes for a number of hypnosis and NLP related websites such as http://www.selfhelprecordings.com – an online self hypnosis shop based in the USA, http://www.justbewell.com – a site in the UK which both offers one to one hypnotherapy sessions and hosts a self hypnosis recordings shop, and http://www.hypnosis-vancouver-toronto.com – a hypnotherapy and NLP site based in Canada.
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Speech Therapy: an Overview on Fluency Disorders and Tips on How to Deal With it

admin — Wed, 28 Oct 2009 16:23:17 +0000

Speech Therapy: An Overview On Fluency DisordersOne of the main categories of speech problems in need for speech therapy are fluency disorders. However, there are different types of fluency disorders, even though they may all seem the same. Each type has its own cause, and defining characteristics that make them stand out from one another.There are basically six main types of fluency disorders, while some are considered to be other conditions that are related to fluency disorders.Normal Developmental DisfluencyNormal developmental disfluency, is a fluency disorder that is a lot of times mistaken to be stuttering. This condition occurs with children from ages 1:6- 6 years old, although the peak of the condition is considered to be 2-4 years of age.A lot of parents may be concerned of the way their child speaks, but in reality, this is a normal condition that every child goes through. Normal developmental disfluency is a normal part of a child’s development. So there is really no need to worry at all.A child would normally get over this stage as his speech skills develop. However, a proper environment, and interaction is needed for that to happen. If a child is pressured by his parents or people around him about his speech, the higher the probability that his disfluency would become a problem in the future and could develop to stuttering. StutteringStuttering is a disorder of childhood (developmental) that is characterized by an abnormally high frequency or duration of stoppages in the forward flow of speech. Although normal developmental disfluency has its own share of stoppages, stuttering on the other hand has some extra characteristics that normal developmental disfluency doesn’t have.What makes stuttering different, from normal developmental disfluency, is that stuttering has escape behaviors, avoidance behaviors, and other secondary behaviors. These so called behaviors are also called physical concomitants. Some examples are eye blinks, head nods, jaw tremors and total body gyrations.Neurogenic DisfluencyThis kind of disfluency is a result of an identifiable neuropathology in a person that has no history of fluency problems prior to occurrence of the pathology. People who have accidents that caused brain problems, which induced their disfluency, fall into this category.Neurogenic disfluency has similar characteristics as stuttering, including the physical behaviors like eye blinks and tremors. The thing is that, the main problem in conditions like these is not fluency at all, but the lesser control of muscles needed in speech production.Psychogenic DisfluencyA disfluency with no found evidence of neurological dysfunction and no history of developmental stuttering. It is of sudden onset and attributed to an identifiable emotional crisis. Can be grouped into three categories namely: emotionally based, manipulative, and malingering disfluenciesAn example of this kind of disfluency is when a person starts to stutter when a specific other is around. For instance, a student who is afraid of her teacher, starts to stutter every time her teacher is around but speaks fluently when around her friends and family.Language Bases DisfluencyThis is a disfluency that is attributed to the development of linguistic sophistication. The main root of the problem here would be language problems, which would require language based therapy rather than fluency-based therapy.Mixed Fluency FailuresThese are fluency failures that are characterized by overlapping causative factors. Speech pattern observed is the result of a blend of two or more factors/disfluency.ClutteringThis is a condition that is related to fluency disorders. It is considered to be the extreme of stuttering. It is a disorder of timing and rhythm of speech where the person speaks too fast that his speech can’t be comprehended. The thing is, a clutterer isn’t aware that he is cluttering, while a stutterer is very much aware that he stutters.

Speech Therapy Assessment Tips For Fluency DisordersDuring the assessment of an individual with suspected fluency disorder, there are some things to remember to make the assessment more comprehensive and useful. Here are some of those critical points to take note of during assessment.Benefits Of Obtaining Both Reading and Conversation SampleIt is more beneficial to obtain both reading and conversation sample from school children and adults because this would give more reliability and credibility to the samples taken. Since stuttering varies in different situations, a reading and conversation sample would allow the clinician to see the behaviors of the person in two different tasks. A conversational speech sample is likely to have more variability, while a reading passage would likely have less variability. Information To Assess MotivationThrough interview, a therapist can learn a lot from his client. In fact, insight about the client’s motivation could be seen by asking the following questions like ”What do you believe caused you to stutter?”, “Has you stuttering changed or caused you more problems recently?, “Why did you come in for help at the present time?”, “ Are there times or situations when you stutter more? Less? What are they?”.Benefits Of Continuing EvaluationNo individual could be understood in an hour or two; that’s why continuing of evaluation is recommended. The clinician might overlook an important element at times and some times a vital clue will not be present in the samples of behavior taken from the limited time of the evaluation period. Note The Difference When Assessing Feelings and AttitudesAssessing a school-age child’s feelings and attitudes would require the clinician to establish rapport and to get to know the child much better after some time, because the clinician’s judgment is also a fair measurement in the case of school-age children. Talking to the child and observing his behaviors would be necessary. When the clinician has known the child much better, he could administer the A-19 Scale to the child. Other methods could also be used such as “Worry Ladder” and “Hands Down” that could be found in the workbook, The School-Age Child Who Stutters: Working Effectively with Attitudes and Emotions.For adults and adolescents assessment of feelings and attitudes are usually done by administering tools such as, the Modified Erickson Scale of Communication Attitudes, the Stutterer’s Self-Rating of Reactions to Speech Situations, the Perceptions of Stuttering Inventory and the Locus of Control of Behavior Scale.Remember The Role Of The IEP TeamAn Individualized Education Program (IEP) team is appointed to a child to be the ones to consider reports by the clinician and other information. They decide if the child meets the state’s eligibility standards and if the child’s stuttering has a negative effect on his education. If a child is eligible for services measurable, the IEP team sets goals and short-term objectives for the child. They also provide services needed by the child for improvement in the educational setting.Goals Of Trial TherapyTrial therapy for a school-age child is done to understand what approach might work and what might be difficult for him. This could increase the child’s motivation and positive outlook for the treatment. In the case of adults and adolescents, trial therapy is done for 3 main reasons. First, is to get an idea of how a client would respond to different therapy approaches. Second, is to make a differential diagnosis between developmental, neurological or psychological stuttering. Third, it gives a preview to the client of what to expect during therapy sessions, in effect it would give them motivation to go on their treatment.

Steve Cownleyhttp://allsortsofbits.comoj.com/

Wide experience on many things and just publish information for fun.Experienced Salesperson and marketeer, both internet and non on-line. Web designer, very knowledgeable on PC and pc related issues, both hardware and software. Parent, driver and blogger.http://allsortsofbits.comoj.com/
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Kill Your Stutter – Ways To Stop Stuttering

admin — Tue, 20 Oct 2009 16:43:59 +0000

Millions of people all over the world have suffered from stuttering if not permanently, at least once in their past. Stuttering or maybe called stammering is a speech disorder, yes, you’ve read it right, it is not a disease. Stuttering is a simple communication disorder that causes repetition or prolonged pronunciation of particular words or letters. There are some ways to stop stuttering. Just read on.Click Here For Kill Your Stutter Instant Access Now!The first thing a person can do with this kind of disorder is to develop his or her confidence. Studies have shown that individuals with low self-esteem are prone to stutter or stammer. Make a practice of speaking confidently and loudly. It is very good to have a deep breath just before saying a tough word or sentence. By singing your words instead of speaking it has been proven to lend a hand to a lot of stutters to express themselves. Enunciating the words in a sing song like manner is very helpful. Sounds funny but it works. Another ways to stop stuttering is by chewing a gum while you speak, people with this problem said that it can prevent you from stammering.In addition to that, by envisioning yourself that you will be able to say the words correctly will make a big impact on the way you speak. This method has helped a lot of individuals tremendously with speech delivery. Aside from that, it is best to talk slowly, just feel the words flow. Most individuals tend to rush in saying what’s on their mind and end up messing it out completely. You might be able to deliver the word with less effort by going slowly.Aside from the mentioned ways to stop stuttering, you can also take speech therapy to hasten your development. By taking these tips to heart and making it a habit of applying it in your daily life, combined with self determination and confidence you will be able to overcome stuttering.

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This author writes about Kill Your Stutter and Ways To Stop Stuttering.
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Kill Your Stutter – Stuttering Therapy Activities

admin — Tue, 20 Oct 2009 03:29:50 +0000

Communicating plays a very significant role in our everyday existence. When you communicate with other people by talking you are able to convey what’s on your mind. This is also a tool for others to understand you better. However simple conversing isn’t just enough you have to make yourself clear and audible. But what if you have speech disorder like stuttering? Well, there’s nothing to worry about, it can be cured. One way of eliminating stuttering is by involving yourself in stuttering therapy activities.Click Here For Kill Your Stutter Instant Access Now!To be cured from stuttering an individual must first acknowledge that he or she has a speech problem. One of the main reasons why people with this kind of ordeal don’t find a remedy is due to the fear or hesitation of accepting the fact. It seems unbelievable but the truth is most individuals who suffered from this speech disorder for a long time do not like to recognize that they have problem. This prevents them from taking any further step to improve their situation. Upon admitting that a person has a speech disorder it’s time to be involved in stuttering therapy activities. There are various techniques that have been developed to get rid of the problem such as; self help e-books and DVD’s, one on one and group speech courses and speech therapy. Each has its own benefits or advantages.Therapeutic activities will enable an individual a well thought out opportunity to perform in a specific manner. These activities should meet the needs of a person with stuttering problem. It is very vital to know that each person experiences stuttering differently meaning, for every generalization made there is always an exception. Participating in stuttering therapy activities will truly aid in controlling if not totally extinguishing this speech impediment. A person involved in therapies like this will be able to build more self confidence and will be able to communicate better.

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This author writes about Kill Your Stutter and Stuttering Therapy Activities.
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Ari Kreitberg Kill Your Stutter Review

admin — Mon, 19 Oct 2009 16:35:31 +0000

Stuttering is one of the common speech disorders that affect the lives of countless individuals today. It is a simple problem which every child goes through, but if you belong to those people who unfortunately were not able to overcome stuttering, check out the e-book by Ari Kreitberg Kill Your Stutter.Click Here For Kill Your Stutter Instant Access Now!There are some common factors that leads to stuttering such as; it runs in the family or simply called as heredity, another is if a person experience fear and anxiety, an illness can also be a reason to stutter, stress, and going through an accident. It is vital to deal with the situation immediately to prevent the temporary impediment become a permanent nuisance.In order to really cure stuttering permanently Kill Your Stutter program is the best choice. It is an easy to follow, step by step guide for you to eliminate this condition. You will also have the advantage of working at your own pace in the privacy of your own home without the fear of other people watching you. Also as you progress you can invite family members to help and motivate you, that is a big plus. As soon as you start undertaking to cure your stuttering you will have a very good chance of getting rid of it, again, permanently.This program only uses natural techniques in eliminating stammering. You don’t have to take any kind of medications whatsoever that may have harmful side effects.The author of the e-book Kill Your Stutter absolutely knows what you are going through at the moment, how stuttering affects your daily need to communicate, because he himself has gone through the same experience but was able to overcome it. For that reason, together with some experts and professionals he decided to share these permanent remedies with all of you. All you have to do is to download this e-book right now.

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This author writes about Kill Your Stutter and Ari Kreitberg Kill Your Stutter Review.
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Speech Therapy For Intermediate Stuttering

admin — Sat, 17 Oct 2009 16:09:37 +0000

There are different techniques used for the treatment of intermediate Stuttering. Such techniques are a mix of fluency shaping and stuttering modification techniques. Here are some of the commonly used techniques for treating intermediate stuttering.
Flexible Rate
Flexible rate is slowing down the production of a word, especially the first syllable. This technique is thought to allow more time for language planning and motor execution. In here, only those syllables on which stuttering is expected are slowed, not the surrounding speech.
Flexible rate is taught by having the clinician model production of words in which the first syllable and the transition to the second syllable are said in a way that slows all of the sounds equally. Vowels, fricatives, nasals, sibilants, and glides are lengthened, and plosives and affricates are produced to sound more like fricatives, without stopping the sound or airflow.
After the clinician’s model, the child produces the word with flexible rate, and successive approximations of the target are reinforced.
Easy Onsets
Easy onsets refer to an easy or gentle onset of voicing. Teaching easy onsets is like teaching flexible rate. The clinician models the target behavior by the use of a lot of different sounds and then he makes the child imitate the models. After the child tries to imitate, the therapist should reinforce the child’s successive approximations.
Some children, particular younger ones, may be helped to get the concept by performing an action, such as bringing their hands together slowly, as they produce an easy onset.
Light Contacts
Producing consonants with light contacts prevents the stoppage of airlow and or voicing that can trigger stuttering. Light contacts are taught by modeling a style of producing consonants with relaxed articulators and continuous flow of air or voice, depending on the consonant.
Plosives and affricates should be slightly distorted so that they sound like fricatives but are still intelligible. Modeling a variety of words with initial consonants and reinforcing the child’s successive approximations of the target accomplish teaching a child to use light contacts. The clinician can use a variety of games to make the concept of light contact more interesting.
Proprioception
Proprioception refers to sensory feedback from mechanoreceptors in muscles of the lips, jaw, and tongue. The effectiveness of teaching proprioception may be that it promotes conscious attention to sensory information from the articulators, perhaps bypassing inefficient automatic sensory monitoring systems and thereby normalizing sensory-motor control.
Children can be taught to use proprioception by having a child first hold a raisin in his mouth and report on its taste, shape, size, and other attributes. Children can also learn proprioception by picking a word from a list and then closing their eyes and silently moving their articulators for this word and being rewarded when the clinician guesses the word.
Children can be coached to feel the movements of their lips, tongue, and jaw as they say a word. Proprioceptive awareness can also be enhanced by using masking noise or delayed auditory feedback to interfere with self-hearing. In this, the clinician must look for slightly exaggerated, slow movements to verify that a child is trying to feel the movement of his articulators.
Scaffolding
It is useful with some children to scaffold their use of superfluency by letting the listener/s know that we are working on our speech and sometimes by coaching the child in that fluency-friendly environment. This can be exhibited for example telling a stranger in a mall that the child and the clinician are working on their speech and would like to ask him some questions, another example would be when the child makes telephone calls.

Neurogenic Stuttering, Other Symptoms and Causes

admin — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 19:30:43 +0000

Nupur Das, an ardent writer is a Masters in English.She has many short stories to her credit and now given her attention to article writing.Please visit my blog http://prevent-stuttering.blogspot.com for more info.